Israeli Military Weapons in Gaza
Methodology: CAAT F-35 component mapping methodology extended to all major weapon systems. Sources: CAAT, AOAV, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, SIPRI, AFSC Investigate.
Executive Summary
- 0150+ companies across 15+ countries have documented roles manufacturing weapons or components used by Israel's military in Gaza.
- 02The UK alone has 75 companies registered under the F-35 Open General Export Licence — British manufacturers have received over $6.7 billion in F-35 contracts.
- 03US companies dominate supply: 69% of all Israeli arms imports (2019–2023) came from the US; Germany accounted for 30%.
- 04Elbit Systems — Israel's largest arms company — has 16 UK facilities, 680+ UK employees, and its UK subsidiary UAV Engines likely produced the engine in the drone that killed 7 World Central Kitchen workers (April 2024).
- 05L3Harris (Brighton) makes 1,600+ components per F-35 and specifically engineered the modification allowing Israel's jets to fire Israeli-made munitions — going beyond standard component supply into active weapons integration.
- 06Israel's AI targeting systems — Lavender and Gospel — generated kill lists of up to 37,000 people; Lavender had a 90% accuracy rate by the IDF's own assessment, meaning 1 in 10 flagged were civilians, with an average 20-second human review per target.
- 0740–45% of all munitions dropped on Gaza were unguided (Washington Post); UN UNMAS estimates 14 years to clear unexploded ordnance.
Contents
Part A — Aircraft & Helicopters
Part B — Air-Delivered Munitions
Part C — Ground Forces
Part D — Unmanned Aerial Systems
Part E — AI Targeting
Aircraft & Helicopters
F-35I Adir
Prime: Lockheed Martin (Fort Worth, Texas, USA)
On 13 July 2024, Israeli fighter jets struck al-Mawasi — a designated humanitarian zone west of Khan Younis sheltering approximately 80,000 displaced Palestinians — killing at least 90 people and wounding around 300. Five bombs and five missiles struck tents housing displaced civilians and a water distillation unit. The F-35I Adir is Israel's primary strike aircraft and a confirmed participant in combat operations over Gaza throughout the conflict.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| BAE Systems | Rear fuselage and tail sections; avionics; cockpit display software; fuel management. Holds 13–15% workshare of every F-35 built globally. | UK |
| Leonardo UK | Electro-Optical Targeting System (EOTS) laser targeting unit | UK |
| L3Harris (Brighton) | Over 1,600 components per aircraft including munitions release mechanisms; specifically modified Israel's F-35s to fire Israeli-made munitions | UK |
| Martin-Baker | Ejection seat (in every F-35 built globally); received $303 million in subawards on production lots including Israel's aircraft | UK |
| Rolls-Royce | Active Lift System (F-35B); mission systems components | UK |
| Cobham | 100+ components per aircraft: microelectronics, microwave systems, EOTS gimbal motion control, communications cryptography chips, pilot survival equipment, aerial refuelling | UK |
| GKN Aerospace | Flaperons, opening doors, cockpit canopy, airframe parts (as BAE Systems subcontractor) | UK |
| Northrop Grumman | Centre fuselage; AN/APG-81 AESA radar | USA |
| Pratt & Whitney (RTX) | F135 turbofan engine — powers every single F-35 produced globally | USA |
| Lockheed Martin | Prime contractor; airframe integration; mission systems | USA |
| GKN Fokker | Doors, hatches, drag parachute system, radar components | Netherlands |
| Rheinmetall | Fuselage production line components (from 2025) | Germany |
| Leonardo Italy | Complete wing sets for global programme; final assembly facility | Italy |
| Gastops | Critical F-35 engine diagnostic technology — sole-source supplier for every F-35 built globally | Canada |
| Kongsberg | Composite structures | Norway |
| Elbit Systems | Israeli-specific avionics and electronic warfare systems for F-35I | Israel |
F-15I / F-15IA Ra'am
Prime: Boeing Defense, Space & Security
The F-15I Ra'am has been used extensively in airstrikes across Gaza. Business Insider documented F-15Is among the US-built fighter jets Israel deployed in its air war, conducting strikes throughout the conflict from October 2023 onwards.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Boeing | Internal structures; wing trailing & leading edges; prime contractor | USA |
| BAE Systems | EPAWSS survivability system; AN/APX-76 IFF interrogator; AN/APX-113 interrogator; AN/ALR-56 radar warning receiver; triple redundant digital flight control system | UK |
| L3Harris | AN/ALQ-214 IDECM electronic countermeasures; AN/ALE-55 fibre optic towed decoy | USA |
| Northrop Grumman | AN/ALQ-135(V) automatic jamming system | USA |
| Lockheed Martin | LANTIRN sensor package; AN/AAQ-33 Sniper XR targeting pod | USA |
| RTX (Raytheon) | AN/APG-63(V)3, AN/APG-82(V)1 radars; AN/ALQ-128 EW warning set | USA |
| GE Aerospace | F110-GE-129 turbofan engine | USA |
| Honeywell Aerospace | Air conditioning; wheels and brakes; air data computer; ring laser gyro INS | USA |
| Collins Aerospace (RTX) | ACES II/5 ejection seats; air inlet controllers; avionics | USA |
| Moog Controls | Boost and pitch compensator for control column | UK |
| Safran Electrical & Power | AC generator | France |
| Korea Aerospace Industries | Wings; forward fuselage; conformal weapons bay | South Korea |
| Magellan Aerospace | Complex magnesium and aluminium castings | Canada |
| Héroux-Devtek | Nose and main landing gear | Canada |
| Elbit Systems | Helmet-mounted displays; Israeli-specific avionics | Israel |
AH-64 Apache Attack Helicopter
Prime: Boeing Defense, Space & Security (Mesa, Arizona)
Two IDF squadrons deployed from October 7, 2023. Hellfire missiles and 30mm chain gun documented throughout the campaign.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Boeing | Prime contractor; airframe integration | USA |
| GE Aerospace | T700-GE-701D turboshaft engines (×2, ~2,000 shp each) | USA |
| Honeywell Aerospace | 36-series APU; dual redundant AC/DC generators; Digital Automatic Stabilisation Equipment | USA |
| Lockheed Martin | TADS/PNVS — infrared and daylight optics for target acquisition and pilot night vision | USA |
| Northrop Grumman | AN/APG-78 Longbow fire-control radar; AN/ALQ-162(V)6 RF countermeasures | USA |
| Elbit Systems of America | IHADSS — Integrated Helmet and Display Sighting System | USA (Elbit subsidiary) |
| Thales | VICON countermeasure dispenser systems | France / UK |
| BAE Systems | HIDAS — Helicopter Integrated Defensive Aids System | UK |
| L3Harris Technologies | Computer systems and avionics design services | USA |
| Tata Boeing Aerospace | Vertical spar boxes and secondary structures | India |
| GKN Fokker Aerostructures | Forward avionics bay fuselage sections | Netherlands |
| Korea Aerospace Industries | Primary fuselage components | South Korea |
| 3M (Ceradyne) | Ceramic-reinforced composites for boron armour shields | USA |
| Parker Aerospace | Hydraulic power systems and flight control modules | USA |
Air-Delivered Munitions
GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb
Prime: Boeing Defense, Space & Security
1-metre CEP accuracy; 110km range. Documented strikes: Rafah tent camp (May 2024, 45 killed); Khan Younis school (July 2024, 27 killed).
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Boeing | GPS/INS guidance unit; folding wing assembly; outer casing; integration | USA |
| Northrop Grumman | Co-developer on mobile target variant; INS technology | USA |
| Ferra | Wing kits for 500lb SDB variants — contracted to supply Boeing until 2028 | Australia |
JDAM — Joint Direct Attack Munition
Prime: Boeing Defense, Space & Security
~3,000 delivered to Israel by December 2023. Boeing won $7.5 billion USAF contract in May 2024.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Boeing | Tail guidance kit assembly; GPS/INS integration | USA |
| Honeywell | Inertial navigation components | USA |
| L3Harris (KDI Precision Products) | JDAM bomb fuzes — $647 million contract for 11,500 fuzes to Israel (2012) | USA |
| Textron | Guidance kit assembly components | USA |
| Ferra | Wing kits (Extended Range JDAM-ER) | Australia |
SPICE 2000 Guidance Kit
Prime: Rafael Advanced Defense Systems (Israel)
In the first six weeks of the Gaza genocide, investigators identified over 208 craters exceeding 40 feet across in areas Israel had designated as safe zones in southern Gaza — consistent with SPICE 2000-guided 2,000lb bomb bodies (MK-84). A New York Times investigation confirmed their use in civilian-designated safe zones in southern Gaza.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Rafael Advanced Defense Systems | Full guidance system: INS + GPS + electro-optical seeker + scene-matching algorithm | Israel |
| Lockheed Martin | Teaming agreement (May 2019) for US market development and manufacturing | USA |
| Diehl Defence | Partnership for German Air Force SPICE delivery (June 2023) | Germany |
| Hensoldt | Sensor technology in German partnership variant | Germany |
BLU-109 Bunker Buster
Prime: US Army depots (government-furnished warhead)
Documented strikes: al-Mawasi safe zone (September 2024, 22 killed); 80 strikes in Beirut.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Boeing | JDAM tail guidance kit (GBU-31V3 variant) | USA |
| RTX (Raytheon) | Paveway IV laser guidance (alternative variant) | USA |
| Lockheed Martin | Paveway II/III laser guidance (alternative variant) | USA |
MK-82 / MK-84 Unguided Bombs
Prime: General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems
40–45% of all Gaza munitions were unguided (Washington Post). IDF justification per AOAV: cost-saving; used against low-level suspected Hamas affiliates; preference for nighttime residential strikes.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| General Dynamics | MK-82 (500lb) and MK-84 (2,000lb) bomb bodies and casings — primary manufacturer | USA |
White Phosphorus Munitions (M825/M825A1)
Prime: Pine Bluff Arsenal (US Army)
Human Rights Watch concluded use in populated areas violates international humanitarian law. M825A1 remnants photographed in Gaza with Pine Bluff Arsenal batch codes verified by Amnesty International.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| General Dynamics | Metal casing of M825A1 shell | USA |
| Bayer (formerly Monsanto) | Historical supplier of elemental white phosphorus to Pine Bluff Arsenal | USA |
AGM-114 Hellfire Missile
Prime: Hellfire Systems LLC (Boeing + Lockheed Martin joint venture)
Less than 1-metre CEP; 11km range. Reported near Al-Shifa Hospital (November 2023).
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Hellfire Systems LLC | Prime contractor; guidance system; warhead; integration (Boeing + Lockheed Martin JV) | USA |
| Northrop Grumman | Propulsion system; Longbow radar integration | USA |
| Lockheed Martin | Co-prime contractor via Hellfire Systems JV | USA |
| Boeing | Co-prime contractor via Hellfire Systems JV | USA |
RTX (formerly Raytheon) — Full Weapons Supply Profile
Prime: RTX Corp
Amnesty International documented strikes in the opening weeks of the genocide in which Raytheon/RTX-supplied Paveway precision-guided munitions killed entire families in their homes. Paveway kits — manufactured by Raytheon — convert unguided bombs into laser-guided munitions and have been used in hundreds of documented strikes across Gaza.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| RTX / Pratt & Whitney | F135 engine (F-35) — powers every F-35 globally | USA |
| RTX / Raytheon | Paveway II/III guidance kits; AIM-120 AMRAAM (154 supplied); AGM-65 Maverick (1,360 supplied); BGM-71 TOW (8,188 supplied); AIM-9 Sidewinder (4,842 supplied) | USA |
| RTX / Collins Aerospace | Ejection seats; avionics; Iron Dome Tamir interceptor components (co-produced with Rafael) | USA |
| Rafael Advanced Defense Systems | Iron Dome co-production with RTX; Tamir interceptor | Israel |
Ground Forces
Merkava Main Battle Tank
Prime: Israel MoD Armoured Vehicles Directorate / Urdan Industries
Mk 3 and Mk 4 deployed throughout ground operation. Over 90% of Merkava components are manufactured in Israel.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Elbit Systems | Ballistics computer; fire-control system; electric turret and gun control; 120mm main gun (via IMI subsidiary); optics; electronic warfare; crew systems | Israel |
| Rafael Advanced Defense Systems | Trophy Active Protection System — detects and intercepts incoming RPGs and ATGMs with 360° radar | Israel |
| Rolls-Royce Power Systems (MTU) | Original design licensor for MT883 1,500hp diesel engine | Germany |
XM329 / M339 120mm Tank Shells
Prime: IMI Systems (now part of Elbit Systems)
XM329 deploys 6 internal warheads dispersing tungsten cubes and steel ball bearings in a 20-metre radius. M339 Hatzav disperses 6,500+ steel and tungsten fragments in airburst mode. Weapons experts identified ball bearings consistent with these rounds in injuries to children at al-Aqsa Hospital (July 2024).
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Elbit Systems (IMI) | Full round manufacturing: casing, fragmentation sleeve, warhead, fuze | Israel |
CARDOM 120mm Mortar + Iron Sting
Prime: Soltam Systems (Elbit Systems subsidiary)
CARDOM: vehicle-mounted recoil mortar; 12km range; 4 rounds/minute. Also in service with US Army Stryker Brigades and NATO forces. Iron Sting: GPS + laser dual-guidance; first operational use October 2023, Gaza.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Elbit Systems | CARDOM mortar platform (via Soltam subsidiary); Iron Sting guided munition; GPS/laser dual-guidance system | Israel |
Stylet & Rapier 120mm Guided Mortars
Prime: Elbit Systems
AOAV documented Stylet and Rapier as likely comprising the majority of guided mortar attacks in Gaza. Stylet has a range of up to 8.5km; Rapier extends to 16km. Specific strike records are not publicly confirmed in open-source reporting but their deployment is documented by AOAV throughout the conflict.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Elbit Systems | Full system manufacturing: Stylet (8.5km) and Rapier (16km) laser/GPS guided mortar rounds | Israel |
SPIKE Firefly & Lanius — Loitering Munitions
Prime: Rafael Advanced Defense Systems (Firefly) / Elbit Systems (Lanius)
SPIKE Firefly (Moaz): man-portable disposable loitering munition. On April 1, 2024, seven World Central Kitchen aid workers were killed in a strike in Deir al-Balah; BBC photographic analysis linked the munition to SPIKE Firefly. Rafael confirmed operational use in Gaza on July 7, 2024. Lanius: autonomous loitering munition using AI-assisted target recognition; can operate indoors.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Rafael Advanced Defense Systems | SPIKE Firefly — full system; uses sensor and guidance technology from the SPIKE missile family | Israel |
| EuroSpike GmbH | European sales and distribution consortium for SPIKE family | Germany |
| Lockheed Martin | US partner for SPIKE NLOS variant marketing | USA |
| Elbit Systems | Lanius — autonomous loitering munition; AI-assisted target recognition; autonomous indoor operation capability | Israel |
M109 Paladin Howitzer (155mm)
Prime: BAE Systems (York, Pennsylvania, USA)
On 14 October 2024, 155mm artillery shells struck a food distribution centre in Jabalia refugee camp, killing at least 10 people. Tens of thousands of 155mm shells have been fired into Gaza throughout the conflict. Elbit signed a $60 million contract for 155mm shells in August 2023 — weeks before October 7.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| BAE Systems | M109A7 Paladin chassis, turret, gun system — full manufacture and assembly | USA |
| Elbit Systems | 155mm M107-A3 HE artillery shells — $60 million contract signed August 2023 | Israel |
| General Dynamics | 155mm shell bodies and propellant charges | USA |
| Chemring | Propellant and fuze components for 155mm ammunition | UK / USA |
M270 MLRS
Prime: Lockheed Martin (Grand Prairie, Texas)
On 12 October 2023, the IDF's 334th Artillery Battalion fired the M270 MLRS at targets in Gaza for the first time since 2006, deploying the Romach long-range guided rocket. The system has been used throughout the ground operation since.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Lockheed Martin | M270 launcher vehicle; M31 GMLRS guided rockets | USA |
| BAE Systems | Launcher vehicle chassis components | USA |
| Elbit Systems | Israeli-made rockets: Ra'am Eithan, RAMAM, Romach/AccuLAR (precision variants) via IMI subsidiary | Israel |
| Rafael Advanced Defense Systems | LORA ballistic missile variant fired from M270 | Israel |
Caterpillar D9 Armoured Bulldozer
Prime: Caterpillar Inc. (Peoria, Illinois, USA)
~100 deployed in opening ground phase; ongoing use throughout conflict. Norwegian KLP and Government Pension Fund both divested from Caterpillar in 2024.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Caterpillar | Base D9 bulldozer chassis and engine | USA |
Unmanned Aerial Systems
Elbit Hermes 450 / Hermes 900
Prime: Elbit Systems (Haifa, Israel)
85% of all IDF Air Force drones. Elbit MoD sales rose 50% to $2 billion in 2024. Confirmed strike: April 1, 2024 — World Central Kitchen vehicles, Deir al-Balah; 7 aid workers killed.
| Company | Component / Role | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Elbit Systems | Airframe; payload integration; ground control stations; data systems | Israel |
| UAV Engines Ltd (Elbit UK subsidiary) | R902(W) Wankel rotary engine for Hermes 450. CAAT analysis: UK-made engines likely in the WCK strike drone. | UK — Shenstone, Staffordshire |
| Instro Precision (Elbit UK subsidiary) | Target acquisition cameras; military optical and fire coordination systems. Exported from Sandwich, Kent to Elbit factories in Israel. | UK — Sandwich, Kent |
| Hellfire Systems LLC | AGM-114 Hellfire missiles (carried by armed Hermes 900) | USA |
AI Targeting
Lavender & Gospel AI Targeting Systems
Prime: Unit 8200, IDF Intelligence Corps (Israel)
Lavender: analysed Gaza's 2.3 million residents to rank each person's probability of being a militant. Generated a kill list of up to 37,000 people. IDF-acknowledged accuracy: 90% — meaning 1 in 10 flagged were civilians. Average human review per target: 20 seconds. Gospel: selects physical targets — buildings and infrastructure — driving mass civilian infrastructure destruction.
Sources
- 1.AOAV — Israel's Dirty Dozen: the IDF's most lethal weapons in Gaza
- 2.AOAV — The Lavender precedent: automated kill lists and IHL
- 3.AOAV — UK briefing note on F-35 programme
- 4.CAAT — UK companies manufacturing F-35 components for Israel
- 5.CAAT — F-35 briefing (PDF)
- 6.+972 Magazine — 'Lavender': The AI machine directing Israel's bombing spree
- 7.HRW — Questions and Answers: IDF digital tools in Gaza
- 8.Netherlands court halts F-35 exports — NPR
- 9.White phosphorus — Pine Bluff Arsenal — Arkansas Times
- 10.Israel: White Phosphorus used in Gaza — Human Rights Watch
- 11.Unguided bombs: 40–45% of Gaza munitions — Washington Post
- 12.UAV Engines (Elbit UK) linked to WCK strike — AOAV
- 13.GBU-39 in Rafah tent camp — CNN
- 14.Gastops: key to keeping Israeli warplanes flying — The Breach
- 15.Boeing $8.6bn F-15IA deal — Aerospace Global News
- 16.SIPRI — Arms exporters and Gaza 2025 update
- 17.Companies Profiting from Gaza — AFSC
This report documents supply chain relationships based on publicly available sources including CAAT, AOAV, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and SIPRI. It is an information resource, not a legal determination. Some supply relationships may be indirect or involve components with dual civilian uses.